General Science 8 | Mrs. Kramarczyk's Science Classroom

Below are the instructions for the Phase Changes Explained Project which is due tomorrow, 11/20/18. Reminder: Phase change vocabulary flashcards are also due tomorrow (see below for words and definitions), but the test on the water cycle and phase changes is moved to Friday 11/30/18.

Phase Changes Explained Project – Make an illustrated, colorful poster, slide show, or brochure describing and showing the differences between solids, liquids, and gases, and also define and illustrate the following phase changes: melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. (Use page 1 of your Review Sheet for Chemistry Unit)

Water Cycle and Phase Changes Vocabulary

Atmosphere – Earth’s air
Lithosphere – Earth’s land; solid rock; continents and the ocean floor
Hydrosphere – Earth’s liquid water; rivers, streams, oceans, ponds, lakes, and groundwater
Cryosphere – Earth’s frozen water; ice caps, glaciers, and icebergs
Condensation- ***changing from gas to liquid*** (making tiny droplets, like a cloud or a soda can ‘sweating’ or fogging a mirror); Release heat to change gas to liquid
Evaporation- changing from a liquid to a gas
Transpiration – evaporation from TREES
Evapotranspiration– evaporation + transpiration
Infiltration – Seepage – water soaking into the ground
Precipitation – rain, snow, sleet
Runoff – water moving (running) on the Earth’s surface
Condensation Nuclei- small particles that water condenses on to make a droplet (raindrop), can be dust, salt, pollution
Sublimation- When solid changes directly to gas (without becoming liquid); ex: dry ice ‘smoke’
Deposition – a gas changes directly to a solid, skipping the liquid phase
Solid – slowest moving particles, particles just vibrate in place, definite shape and volume, particles packed tightly together
Liquid – particles faster than solids, particles ‘swim’ around each other, rolling around each other, definite volume, no definite shape, particles packed loosely together
Gas – fastest moving particles, particles fly in all directions, very fast, often crashing into other particles, no definite shape, no definite volume, takes the shape and volume of its container, particles spaced very far apart
Melting – add heat to change solid to liquid
Boiling or evaporating – add heat to change liquid to gas, materials boil at their boiling point; water boils at 100°C, 212°F
Freezing – release heat to change liquid to solid, materials freeze at their freezing point; water freezes at 0°C, 32°F
Melting Point = Freezing Point = temperature at which materials change from liquid to solid and back
Boiling Point – temperature at which materials change from liquid to gas and back
Phase Change = changing state – changing between solid, liquid, and gas

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For help with Drawing El Nino and Normal Conditions Homework:

VIEW THIS ANIMATION – run Normal, El Niño, and La Niña animations

http://esminfo.prenhall.com/science/geoanimations/animations/26_NinoNina.html

Watch each multiple times, looking at how ocean temperatures change (red = warm, blue = cold), and how the location of the clouds and rain change. Winds always blow from High (H) pressure areas to Low (L) pressure areas.

Supplies needed for Mrs. Kramarczyk’s General Science 8 Classes:

Bring to class every day:

1. Binder (3-ring binder, 1 inch) with paper

2. pens, pencils, calculator, and highlighter

3. 3-hole punch that fits in your binder (optional)

5. Textbook

Leave in a cubby in room 220 or keep in your locker to bring to class when required:

1. index cards

2. scissors

3. glue stick

4. colored pencils

5. metric ruler (15 or 30 cm)